3.2 Example 1: Source File Contains Items and Failure Mode Information in One Sheet

Figures 8 and 9 show items and failure mode details in a single sheet, spanning columns A to X. The identification number, name, LCN, failure rate, and criticality are item-related properties and are defined in columns A, B, C, V, and W respectively. Other columns contain additional information about failure modes.

Notes:

• It is not necessary for the column header name in source file and order to match MADE properties exactly.
• One column header can be mapped with one MADE property.
• Item 'Coupling' in the source file has two functions (Function 1 & Function 2) with Function 2 having two failure modes. The software successfully processes this input and creates the model accordingly.
• The software identifies the nested item structure to develop a hierarchical model.

Figure 8 ("Items and Failure Mode information (Part 1)") shows a source spreadsheet with columns: Identification Number, Item Name, LCN, Item Function, Failure Modes, Cause, Mission Phase/Operational Mode, Local Effects, Next Higher Effects. Sample rows: A101/Coupling/A101/Function 1 of Coupling/FM1 of Function 1 of Coupling/...; A102/Driveline/A102/Function 1 of Driveline/...; A1020001/Differential; A1020002/Driveshaft; A103/Power Generation; A1030001/Control Unit; A1030002/Diesel Engine; A10300201/Air Filter; A103002011/Engine; A1030003/Fuel Tank; A104/Vehicle.

Figure 9 ("Items and Failure Mode information (Part 2)") shows the continuation with columns: End Effects, Failure Detection Method, Compensating Provisions, Isolation Method, Severity Classification, Probability of Occurrence, Corrective Actions, Failure Mode Failure Rate, Failure Effect Probability, Failure Mode Ratio, Operating Time, Failure Mode Criticality, Item Failure Rate (per 10^6 hrs), Item Criticality, Remarks. Sample values for row A101 (Coupling): Severity Classification = 1, A; Probability of Occurrence = 2, B; Corrective Actions for FM1 = "Corrective Actions for FM1 o..."; Failure Mode Failure Rate = 1.00E-06; Failure Effect Probability = 0.01; Failure Mode Ratio = 1; Operating Time = 5; Failure Mode Criticality = 1; Item Failure Rate (per 10^6 hrs) = 1.00E-05; Item Criticality = 1; Remarks = "1 Yes Remar...".

Step 5: Complete the Mapping to Import Item Information

3.2.1.1 Step 5a: Fill in the Name of the Worksheet of the XLSX File From Which the Item Data Will Be Imported

The purpose of filling in the name of the Worksheet is for MADE to know which worksheet the item data will be taken from. This field is case sensitive, so the user needs to write the worksheet name exactly as it appears in the XLSX file.

To complete:

• Select Item tab
• Enter Worksheet name

Figure 10 shows Worksheet = "Sheet1".

3.2.1.2 Step 5b: Set the Number of Header Rows in the XLSX File

The number entered into the Header Rows field is the number of rows MADE will skip when reading in data from the XLSX file.

For this example, Header rows is 6.

3.2.1.3 Step 5c: Define Item Mapping

Selecting the green plus icon adds a row to the table. Below is a breakdown of each column in the table, and what each column corresponds to in the XLSX file:

• Column: Corresponds to the column for MADE to pull data from in the XLSX file.
• Name: Refers to the Header name in the XLSX file.
• MADE Property: Refers to the field in MADE which the column should populate.
• Type: Refers to the data type which is being pulled from the XLSX file.
• Validation: Refers to default or custom mapping required for certain MADE properties. For example, "Is Critical" MADE Property can use a default mapping, or a custom mapping where the user can define their own terminology in the XLSX file for the "Is Critical" to be read into MADE.
• Configuration: Applies to specific properties and allows to define the separator to import data as separate entries. The software considers ',' as the default separator. Users can change the separator by clicking in the corresponding cell in the Configuration column, then clicking on Custom to open a dialog and define the separator used in the source file.

Table 2: Item property definition

MADE Property	Property Type	Unit in MADE	Comment
*Item Name	Text		Mandatory mapping
*Item Number	Text		Mandatory mapping. Key property that ties together item and FMEA information
Delay Time	Text	Hours
Distribution Type	Distribution Type		Requires validation. Define custom type if required.
Duration of operation	Numeric	Hours
Exponential - MTTF	Numeric	Hours
Exponential – Part Failure Rate	Numeric	Per 10^6 hours
Is Critical	Boolean		Requires validation, Define custom type if required.
LCN	Text
MTTR	Numeric	Hours
Parent Item Number	Text
Physical Description	Text
Safety Item?	Boolean		Requires validation. Define custom type if required.
Spares on hand	Numeric
Turn Around Time	Numeric	Hours
Weibull – Characteristics Life	Numeric
Weibull - Slope	Numeric

3.2.1.3.1 Mapping Rules

• Enter the column header name from the source file in the Name column. This is optional, but if entered, it must match with the respective column header name in the source file.
• Properties (Item name & Item Number) must be mapped.
• Properties (Distribution type, Is Critical, Safety Item?) require validation and must be defined in a predefined/user-defined format. User-defined format can be defined by clicking on the corresponding cell in the Validation column.
• Item failure rate (property: Exponential – Part Failure Rate) is expressed in units per 10^6 hours and must be adjusted in the source file accordingly. Alternatively, Item MTTF (in hours) can be imported.
• It is not necessary for the column header name and sequence in the source file to match MADE properties & its sequence outlined in the above table.
• If the source file contains additional information unrelated to the item, those column headers must be mapped to the MADE property 'Ignored' during the mapping process.
• One column header can be mapped with one MADE property. E.g. if column A in the source file refers to both the component identification number and LCN and is essential to import, then column A must be duplicated before mapping. Each of these columns (the original and the duplicate) can then be mapped to the appropriate MADE properties: Item Number and LCN.

Figure 11 ("Navigation to validation rules") shows the Validation column dropdown for a "Distribution Type" mapping with options: Custom, Default.

To create a mapping for Column A in source file with a MADE property:

• Click the plus icon to add a row to the table
• Click on the cell in Name column to enter the name of the corresponding column header in the source (optional, but if entered must match)
• Click on the cell in MADE property column and select a property that it maps to

Figure 12 shows Column A mapped: Name = "Identification Number", MADE Property = "Item Number", Type = Text, Validation = "Non-empty".

To create a mapping for Column B & C (following the same process): Item Name (column B) and LCN (column C) are mapped similarly.

FMEA information, such as Item Function defined in Column D of the source file, does not match any MADE property in the Item tab. However, valid mapping exists in the FMEA tab. To create a mapping in the Item tab for this scenario:

• Click the plus icon to add a row to the table
• Click on the cell in Name column to enter the name of the corresponding column header in the source
• Click on the cell in MADE property column and select 'Ignored'

Figure 13 shows the Item tab with rows: A → Identification Number → Item Number → Text → Non-empty; B → Item Name → Item Name → Text → Non-empty; C → LCN → LCN → Text → "Restricted input (Optional)"; D → Item Function → Ignored → N/A → N/A.

Continue the process to map all the columns in source file. Figure 14 ("Complete mapping of source file in Item Tab") shows the final full mapping for all columns A through X:

Column	Name	MADE Property	Type	Validation
A	Identification Number	Item Number	Text	Non-empty
B	Item Name	Item Name	Text	Non-empty
C	LCN	LCN	Text	Restricted input (Optional)
D	Item Function	Ignored	N/A	N/A
E	Failure Modes	Ignored	N/A	N/A
F	Cause	Ignored	N/A	N/A
G	Mission Phase/Operational Mo...	Ignored	N/A	N/A
H	Local Effects	Ignored	N/A	N/A
I	Next Higher Effects	Ignored	N/A	N/A
J	End Effects	Ignored	N/A	N/A
K	Failure Detection Method	Ignored	N/A	N/A
L	Compensating Provisions	Ignored	N/A	N/A
M	Isolation Method	Ignored	N/A	N/A
N	Severity Classification	Ignored	N/A	N/A
O	Probability of Occurrence	Ignored	N/A	N/A
P	Corrective Actions	Ignored	N/A	N/A
Q	Failure Mode Failure Rate	Ignored	N/A	N/A
R	Failure Effect Probability	Ignored	N/A	N/A
S	Failure Mode Ratio	Ignored	N/A	N/A
T	Operating Time	Ignored	N/A	N/A
U	Failure Mode Criticality	Ignored	N/A	N/A
V	Item Failure Rate (per 10^6 hrs)	Exponential - Part Failure R...	Numeric	N/A
W	Item Criticality	Is Critical	Boolean	Default
X	Remarks	Ignored	N/A	N/A

Note: If the source file contains an item failure rate, it should be mapped in the Item tab. Ensure that the failure rate in MADE is expressed in units per 10^6 hours and adjust the source file data accordingly.