Bond Graph Settings

Configuring a Bond Graph settings is primarily completed using the Bond tab in

the Properties viewer.

[Image: dynamicPropertiesComponent.png]

Bond Types & Passive Variable Settings

To access the Bond Graph settings for individual model items:

1. Select a Component from the System Model or Project Explorer
2. Select the Properties Viewer
3. Select the Bond tab

Bond Types

A dynamic item must have a Bond type assigned to it. If left as "No Bond

Type" MADE treats the item as a functional item (Non-dynamic, not compatible

with Bond Graph simulation).

A list of Bond types are found in the

Bond Types page. The sections

below describe each Passive Variable setting.

Passive Variable Values & Initial Values

The number entered in a Value field is a parameter used to define the item's

ability to store and release energy.

The number entered in an Initial Value field is a parameter used to define:

1. Initial value of flow of a Capacitor
2. Initial value of effort on the Inductor

To enter values/initial values, simply select the field and enter a numerical

value.

[Image: ValueInitialValue.png]

Lower & Upper Limit Values

The Lower and Upper Limit fields represent the highest and lowest limit effort

values on the capacitor and flow on the inductor respectively. These fields are

only available for Capacitor and Inductor Bond Types.

To set/enter limit values:

1. Select the check-box to enable a upper/lower limit field.
2. Enter a numerical value

[Image: dynamicPropertiesFilter.png]

Resistor (1-R) Types

When a "1-R" Resistance Bond Type is selected, three passive variable

fields are shown:

• Resistance: A parameter value which defines the item's ability to dissipate power.
• Type: Contains a list of resistor types (Standard, Rectifier, Limiter, Non-linear) which influence the shape of the response simulation graph. Additional information about each type is shown in the sections below.
• Limit: A parameter value which defines the threshold limit of effort for limiter-type resistors.

Rectifier Resistance Type

When "Rectifier" Resistance type is selected, the model will limit the

item's effort to zero when its value falls below zero. This constraint is

represented in the Bond Response Simulation graph, as shown below.

[Image: Rectifier.png]

Bond Response Simulation graph with a standard 1-R Resistor type. Note that a

response in negative (below zero) is present.

[Image: Rectifier2.png]

Limiter Resistance Type

When "Limiter" is selected, the model will constrain the item's

response simulation graphs to the value set by the user. A "Limit" field

allows the user to enter the limiting value. The system will subtract this

limiting value from the item's effort; if the resulting effort is negative, it

will limit its effort to zero.

[Image: propertiesLimiter.png]

Non-linear Resistance Type

When "Non-Linear" is selected, the simulation response graph changes

from a linear to parabolic. This type was introduced to provide a more accurate

representation of flow in a system.

The simplified expression for this resistor type is Q=(√ΔP)/R,

where:

• Q represents Flow
• ΔP represents change in flow rate
• R represents Resistance

[Image: nonlinear.png]

Control Connection Settings

Control connections are used to provide control for Resistor, Capacitor and

Inductor Bond type items. A control connection can only connect two items, however

a single item can provide or receive multiple control connections. There are three

types of control connections:

1. K
2. K/D
3. K/X

More information about control connection types is found in

Bond Types.

To create a control connection and its settings:

1. Select the Control Connection icon in the icon menu or select Modelling > New Connection > New Control Connection.
2. Click and drag from the source item flow output to the target item flow input to create the control connection.
3. Select the Properties viewer.
4. Under the General tab, select the Connection Type and enter an Amplitude value.

[Image: controlConnection.png]

[Image: dynamicPropertiesControl.png]